Clinical Nutrition Diabetes Report - 3233 Words

Clinical Nutrition – Diabetes Report Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a life long condition that develops either when the pancreas can no longer produce enough insulin or the body cannot use the insulin in an effective way to control blood glucose (WHO, 2013). Diabetes UK (2015) classifies diabetes as a condition where glucose builds up in the blood due to inadequate insulin production and/or insulin resistance, where the body’s cells are no longer responding to the insulin produced. Diabetes can arise from lifestyle habits, environmental factors, and genetics (WHO, 2013). There are two main variations of the disease, type I and type 2 diabetes. The first type of diabetes (type I diabetes) is an autoimmune disease causing the body to†¦show more content†¦2003) and is more common in societies with high levels of obesity and low levels of physical activity. This type of diabetes is more prevalent in the UK (Diabetes UK, 2015). The UK population has seen a rise in the epidemic of type 2 diabetes with figures reaching 3.1 million for both diagnosed and undiagnosed in 2010 (Diabetes UK, 2014). It is estimated that by 2030, the figures will rise to 4.6 million people (Diabetes UK, 2014) and it is believed that 800,000 individuals suffer from type 2 diabetes but have not been diagnosed. The disease is more prevalent in ethnic minorities like Afro-Caribbeans and South Asians as they present favoured central adiposity (Huffman, 2012; NICE. 2015) and also it can potentially be genetic (Huffman, 2012; NICE. 2015). Type 2 diabetes is treated with a combination of diet, physical activity, oral medications, and increasingly insulin therapy (Diabetes. 2015). It is important for people diagnosed with diabetes to manage their condition as sustained hyperglycaemia is associated with a number of macrovascular and microvasular complications (Diabetes UK, 2003). It is important for patients diagnosed with diabetes to manage their condition independently, as it creates many complications during their lifetime and requires motivation and self discipline to control it effectively. (Diabetes. 2003). Client’s background information Mrs Patel is a new client who has